The processes on each machine that communicate at a given layer are called peer-peer process.ġ8. The process of determining systematically hoe to forward messages toward the destination nodes based on its address is called routing. It is strictly measured in terms of time. Latency corresponds to how long it t5akes a message to travel from one end off a network to the other.

Bandwidth of a network is given by the number of bits that can be transmitted over the network in a certain period of time. Network performance is measured in Bandwidth (throughput) and Latency (Delay). What are the key design issues of a computer Network? Timing : Timing refers to two characteristics: When data should be sent and how fast they can be sent.ġ4.Semantics : It refers to the meaning of each section of bits.Syntax : It refers to the structure or format of the data, that is the order in which they are presented.

Name the factors that affect the security of the network?Ī protocol is a set of rules that govern all aspects of information communication.ġ3. Recovery time of a network after a failureġ1.Name the factors that affect the reliability of the network? Name the factors that affect the performance of the network?ġ0. Security : Security issues includes protecting data from unauthorized access and virues.ĩ.Reliability : It is measured by frequency of failure, the time it takes a link to recover from a failure, and the network’s robustness.Performance : It can be measured in many ways, including transmit time and response time.What are the criteria necessary for an effective and efficient network? What are the advantages of Distributed Processing?Ĩ.

If the physical links are shared by more than two nodes, it is said to be Multiple Access.ħ. If the physical links are limited to a pair of nodes it is said to be point-point link. It generally forwards message from one network to another. Such a physical medium is called as Links and the computer it connects is called as Nodes.Ī node that is connected to two or more networks is commonly called as router or Gateway.

Such a physical medium is called as Link.Ī network can consist of two or more computers directly connected by some physical medium such as coaxial cable or optical fiber. A network is recursively is a connection of two or more nodes by a physical link or two or more networks connected by one or more nodes.Īt the lowest level, a network can consist of two or more computers directly connected by some physical medium such as coaxial cable or optical fiber. A network is a set of devices connected by physical media links.

Atm cisco packet tracer example